Script in Knowledge Representation
A script is an organized description of a predetermined series of events inside a certain setting. The script is used in the representation of knowledge. It is a type of knowledge representation scheme. A script, then, is a framework that specifies a series of events that one could anticipate building upon one another.
Events are arranged in knowledge bases using scripts. Scripts and the concept of frames are closely related. In natural language understanding systems, scripts are employed to arrange a knowledge base according to the scenarios that the system needs to understand.
Scripts are useful because:
- Things usually happen in predictable runs or patterns.
- There are ties between occurrences that are not formal.
- Requirements end when things happen.
Components of Script
1. Roles: Individuals taking part in an event.
2. Props: Items used in the performance.
3. Entry condition: Requirements that must be met for a scripted event to take place.
4. Result: Requirements that must be held following an occurrence in the script.
5. Track: A script variation.
6. Scenes: The order in which events happen.
Scripts are described using unique action symbols. These are the following:
Symbols |
Meaning |
Example |
ATRANS |
Move a relationship between |
giving |
PTRANS |
Change the physical locatio |
go |
PROPEL |
Use physical force on the object |
to push |
MOVE |
The owner's movement of the body portion. |
kick |
GRASP |
Snatch something an actor |
hold |
INGEST |
Animals stealing anything to eat |
drink |
EXPEL |
out of an animal body |
cry |
MTRANS |
Transmit mental data |
tell |
MBUILD |
Construct a new piece of knowledge |
and decide |
CONC |
Conceptualize or think about an idea |
think |
SPEAK |
Produce sound |
say |
ATTEND |
Focus sense organ |
listen |
Example of Script in Knowledge Representation
Script for going to see the movie.
SCRIPT : MOVIE-WATCHING
TRACK : THEATRE
PROPS : MONEY
TICKET
TICKET WINDOW
CHAIR
MOVIE = M
CHANGE
ROLES : S = Movie viewer
Tc = Ticket checker
Tg = Ticket giver
O = Owner
Entry conditions : S is interested in the movie.
S has money.
Results : S has less money.
O has more money.
S is pleased.
S is not pleased.
Scene- 1:
S PTRANS S to Theater.
S ATTEND eyes to ticket window.
S MBUILD himself in the queue.
S PTRANS towards ticket window as queue moves.
S MOVES to buy a ticket.
SCENE- 2:
S MBUILD choices to Tg.
Tg PTRANS TICKET to S.
S ATRANS MONEY to Tg.
Tg ATRANS CHANGE to S.
S PTRANS S towards Movie hall.
SCENE- 3:
Tc MTRANS S for a ticket.
S PTRANS Ticket to Tc.
Tc PTRANS Ticket to S.
S PTRANS S in the movie hall.
Tc MTRANS about his chair.
S PTRANS in the chair.
S MTRANS MOVIE.
SCENE- 4:
S PTRANS S towards the movie hall door.
S PTRANS S to out of movie hall.
